Beyond the Concept of Evil:
A Methodology for Multidisciplinary and Multicultural Ethical Decision—Making

By Farhan Yazdani

First presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #89
Center for Bahá'í Studies: Acuto, Italy
June 28 – July 1, 2009
(see list of papers from #89)


    Ethical decisions have been historically based on considerations of "good" and "evil", but this dualistic outlook is no longer valid facing the complex issues in today's modern medicine. The dualistic outlook has been rejected by `Abdu'l—Bahá in Some Answered Questions and is verified in a practical clinical study in ethical decision—making in Lyon between 1985 and 1990. A simplified tool—box procedure combines all available assets which converge towards a decision which in a given situation and at a given time is in the best interests of individuals and of the society from which we all derive sustenance.

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